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KMID : 0388320210280040431
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Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamental Nursing
2021 Volume.28 No. 4 p.431 ~ p.439
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Changes in Empathy of Nursing College Students: A Cohort Longitudinal Study
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Jeong Hye-Sun
Lee Kee-Lyong
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Abstract
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Purpose: This study aimed to identify changes in sub-areas of empathy over the 4 years from admission to graduation of nursing college students.
Methods: This descriptive survey study was conducted using a longitudinal cohort design. The participants in this study were 158 South Korean nursing students attending a university in Chungcheongbuk Province or Gyeonggi Province, all of whom passed the certification evaluation for the 4-year nursing educational institute. Data from 126 participants were analyzed. The level of empathy was measured five times from March 2012 to December 2015. Empathy was identified using a multi-dimensional measurement tool consisting of four sub-constructs of cognitive and emotional aspects: (1) perspective-taking, (2) fantasy, (3) empathic concern, and (4) personal distress. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 24 to provide descriptive statistics of the participants’ general characteristics and empathy level and to perform repeated-measures analysis of variance for the sub-constructs empathy.
Results: Perspective-taking (F=13.075, p<.001) and personal distress (F=7.081, p<.001), but not fantasy or empathic concern, showed significant differences over time.
Conclusion: Cognitive empathy (perspective-taking) and emotional empathy (personal distress) improved. Intervention programs should be developed to maintain and strengthen changes in empathy in nursing education.
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KEYWORD
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Empathy, Longitudinal studies, Nursing education, Nursing students
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